Since the advent of high-brightness LEDs (red, orange, and yellow quaternary products and blue, green, and violet GaN-based products) in the last century, after more than a decade of efforts, high-brightness LEDs have entered the functional lighting field. It will gradually enter the field of general lighting, and has now formed a relatively complete industrial chain, which has attracted the attention of countries and international companies around the world. China is also keeping up with the world's cutting-edge technology, accelerating research and development and industrialization, and has already established a certain industrial base.
China's LED industry chain is initially formed
According to the statistics and calculations of the Optoelectronic Devices Branch of China Optical Optoelectronics Industry Association, and referring to the data provided by relevant domestic institutions, there were more than 2,000 LED companies in China in 2007, including more than 40 units engaged in epitaxial growth, chip manufacturing research and production. There are about 600 home and device packaging companies, including about 100 packaging companies of a certain size. There are more than 1,700 application products and supporting companies. There are about 100,000 people employed in the industry (other statistics are estimated to be 300,000 to 400,000 people). From raw materials, epitaxial growth, chip manufacturing, device packaging to application products and supporting materials, equipment and instruments, a relatively complete industrial chain has been formed. . In recent years, China's LED chips and devices, especially high-brightness LED chips and devices, have grown rapidly.
Breakthrough in epitaxy and chip technology
The core technology of LED is the epitaxial growth of LED and chip manufacturing technology. In recent years, the government and related research institutions have attached great importance to this, and invested a lot of money and manpower for research, development and industrialization. The main research institutions are Peking University, Tsinghua University, Nanchang University, Beijing University of Technology, Shandong University, Nanjing University, South China Normal University, Xiamen University, Shenzhen University, Central South University of Technology, Institute of Semiconductors, Institute of Physics, 13th Institute of CLP, 55 and new Established the Semiconductor Lighting R&D Center of the Chinese Academy of Sciences. Conducted a number of researches on epitaxial growth and chip fabrication, such as epitaxial growth of GaN materials on different substrates (Al2O3, Si, SiC, AlN, GaN), patterned substrate epitaxy, non-polar or semi-polar Sexual epitaxy, substrate transfer, laser lift-off, eutectic soldering, ITO electrodes, surface roughening, photonic crystals, etc., improve internal quantum efficiency and external quantum efficiency, and have achieved good results. In addition, China has developed AlGaN deep ultraviolet (260nm ~ 400nm) light-emitting diodes, and also developed 1W LED blue chip, making white LED luminous efficiency more than 80lm / W, and developed a quaternary AlGaInP red optical power LED device The luminous efficiency is about 40 lm/W. Nanchang University has developed GaN grown on Si substrates with independent intellectual property rights, and has made blue and green LED chips, which have been industrialized.
The main domestic LED epitaxial growth and chip manufacturing companies are Xiamen Sanan, Dalian Lumei, Shanghai Blu-ray, Shanghai Lanbao, Shandong Huaguang, Hangzhou Silan Mingxin, Jiangxi Jingneng Optoelectronics, Hebei Tonghui, Shenyang Fangda, Xiamen Dry Photo, Jiangxi Lianchuang, Nanchang Xinlei, Shanghai Dachen, Shanghai Yuti, Shenzhen Century Jingyuan, Shenzhen Orende, Yangzhou Huaxia Integration, Langfang Qingxin, Gansu Xintiandian, Wuhan Diyuan, Xi'an Zhongwei, Guangzhou Puguang, Dongguan Fudi, and foreign-funded enterprises Wuhan Huacan, Xiamen Jingyu, Xiamen Mingda and Jinjiang Jinglan, etc., have done a lot of work in chip structure and process improvement, improving product performance, The results of yield, process repeatability, improvement of resistance to light decay and reliability have all achieved great results, ensuring mass production of chips. In 2007, the domestic production of high-brightness chips exceeded 21 billion, with a growth rate of 75%, of which blue and green chips were about 6.5 billion, with a growth rate of 62.5%. It is expected that the output of high-brightness LED chips will exceed 30 billion in 2008, among which Blue and green chips are about 8 billion to 10 billion.
Outstanding device packaging and supporting capabilities
Domestic LED packaging companies are characterized by a large number of filial piety, about 500 to 600, with a certain scale, about 100 enterprises with annual sales of more than 10 million yuan, the main packaging enterprises are Xiamen Hualian, Foshan Guoxing, Jiangsu Wen Run, Guangzhou Hongli, Ningbo Shengpu, Jiangxi Lianchuang, Tianjin Tianxing, Langfang Xingu, Shenzhen Ruifeng, Shenzhen Lehman, Shenzhen Light Quantum, Zhuhai Lifeng, etc. In 2007, the number of packaged devices in the country reached 46 billion. In addition to foreign-funded enterprises, the domestic LED packaging capacity exceeded 60 billion/year. A wide range of packageable devices, including single-tube, composite tube, pixel tube, digital display, various backlights, SMD-LED, micro LED, matrix display, dedicated display, white LED, power LED and high-power LED module, etc. The powerful packaging companies have invested a lot of research and development strength, and have achieved good results in improving the package structure, improving the heat dissipation performance, improving the light extraction efficiency, improving the anti-light decay and reliability, and now can package 1W LEDs in batches, and its luminous efficiency. Up to 100lm/W, the thermal resistance can be controlled within 10 °C / W. CLP 13 develops high-power LED packaging products with independent property rights. In addition, it also develops new products with vertical structure and no-weld-power LED packaging with independent property rights, contributing to the power LED packaging industry.
The supporting ability of domestic LED packaging materials and accessories is very strong. Except for some materials, most of the materials are provided domestically, mainly including gold wire, silicon aluminum wire, epoxy resin, silica gel, silver glue, conductive rubber and bracket. , strips, plastic parts, packaging molds and fixtures, etc., have formed a certain scale, enterprises are mainly in the Pearl River Delta and Ningbo area. In addition, for the phosphors used to package white LEDs, there are more than a dozen companies in China that are researching and producing them. They have been widely used in white LED packaging, and Dalian Luming has developed silicate phosphors with independent property rights. In addition, China has also developed a blue-emitting phosphorescent phosphor that emits red and green light with independent intellectual property rights. The white LED can be composed of three primary colors, and the effect is very good.
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RCA Cables can be used to connect a variety of audio and video devices, such as camcorders, to TVs or stereos to speakers. Most high-end camcorders have all three RCA jacks, so the signal entering or leaving the device goes through three separate channels-one video and two audio-resulting in a high-quality transfer. Lower-end camcorders usually have only one jack, called a stereo jack, which combines all three channels. This results in lower-quality transfers because the signal is compressed. In either case, RCA cables transmit analog, or non-digital, signals. Because of this, they cannot be plugged directly into a computer or other digital device. RCA cables connect amplifiers to all sorts of devices.
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