Patulin is a mycotoxin produced by a variety of fungal species. In particular, Penicillium is a well known source of patulin contamination. Patulin can often be found in rotten and spoiled apples including apple juice and apple puree.
Because studies have shown that patulin is immunotoxic and genotoxic, more than 50 countries, including the United States and the European Union, have specified a maximum limit of 50 μg/kg in juice. The US FDA has published a maximum of 50 μg/L of patulin in juice.
The traditional method for detecting patulin is liquid-liquid extraction and HPLC-UV, but liquid-liquid extraction is time-consuming and solvent-consuming, so there is an urgent need for a simple and rapid sample preparation method for the detection of patulin.
The SupelMIP molecularly imprinted SPE series is composed of highly crosslinked polymers that are highly selective for extracting a single target analyte or a class of structurally similar analytes. This is because the target analyte is designed to mimic the target analyte during MIP synthesis, and the template molecule forms a cave or imprint that exactly matches the stereo and chemical structure of the target analyte.
Due to the high selectivity of MIP molecularly imprinted products, they can also be used under more severe rinsing conditions.
Characteristics of MIP molecularly imprinted patulin SPE products:
• Easy and fast method
• Can be rinsed under harsh conditions
• High sensitivity and low detection limit
• Can be used for MS analysis
The following method uses MIP molecularly imprinted SPE cartridge to analyze patulin in apple juice.
SPE processing method:
• 1. Dilute apple juice with 2% acetic acid solution
• 2. Activation: 2 ml acetonitrile and 1 ml deionized water
• 3. Take 4ml sample loading
• 4. Rinse: 1% sodium bicarbonate 1ml
• 2ml deionized water, strong vacuum 10-15 seconds
• 0.5ml two, strong vacuum
• 5. Elution: 2ml ethyl acetate
• 6. Evaporate the sample near dry, re-dilute the sample with 1ml of 0.1% aqueous acetic acid
The entire process needs to control the flow rate at 1-2 drops / sec
Experimental results:
The MIP molecularly imprinted SPE product treated the sample gave very high recovery and good reproducibility. The average recovery of patulin was 84%.
Note: The chromatogram shows that no impurities interfere with the detection of patulin. Unlike liquid-liquid extraction, the use of SupelMIP SPE products can eliminate the interference of HMF and other impurities that may occur during the final extraction process.
in conclusion:
Experiments have shown that the use of SupelcMIP SPE products to analyze patulin in apple juice is a very effective method to eliminate matrix interference during SPE elution by selective adsorption of patulin. The MIP pretreatment method has high recovery rate and good reproducibility, and can detect low concentration of patulin in apple juice.
Anti-Reflection Coating Product
Anti-reflection coating, also known as anti-reflection coating, is an optical thin film deposited on the surface of optical elements through ion-assisted evaporation to reduce surface reflection and increase the transmittance of optical elements. The working band can be from the near-ultraviolet region to the infrared region. According to the working band range, it is divided into single wavelength, multi-wavelength and broadband antireflection coatings. The most widely used ones are visible light antireflection coatings and single point antireflection coatings.
Anti-reflection film is the most widely used optical film with the largest output. Therefore, it is still an important research topic in optical film technology. The focus of research is to find new materials, design new film systems, improve deposition processes, and make It uses the least number of layers, the simplest and most stable process, to obtain the highest possible yield and achieve the most ideal effect.
In optical instruments, the reflection on the surface of the optical element not only affects the light energy of the optical element; moreover, these reflected light will also form stray light in the instrument, which affects the imaging quality of the optical instrument. In order to solve these problems, a certain thickness of single-layer or multi-layer film is usually plated on the surface of the optical element. The purpose is to reduce the reflected light on the surface of the element. Such a film is called an optical antireflection film (or antireflection film). The antireflection coating produced by Gengxu Optoelectronics is mainly used in LED display screens, touch screens, LCD projection systems, glass coatings, instrument windows, fingerprint analyzer windows, monitor protection mirrors, antique frame windows, high-end watch windows, eye lenses , Silk screen optical glass products, etc.
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