The NHK Broadcasting Technology Research Institute at the "Technology Exhibition 2011" held a public demonstration of the application of super-resolution technology to image encoding and decoding. This technology "adds" video reduction (down conversion) and super-resolution technology (up conversion) on the basis of the original image codec technology to avoid the use of too high compression rate in encoding to reduce image quality Deterioration.
The specific method is to first perform image reduction processing on the image with high resolution. Then, the original H.264 is used to encode the image. After transmission, use H.264 to decode. So far, the size of the image after reduction is maintained, so it is necessary to use the super-resolution technology to restore it to the original image size.
According to reports, the advantage of this is that, without changing the original codec technology, you can use additional technology and systems to improve codec. A reasonable compression ratio can be selected during encoding, which has the effect of reducing image quality degradation.
The image quality degradation caused by the image shrinking is relatively light. The reason is that various parameters and image quality compensation information used when the image is reduced are sent as auxiliary information to the image receiving terminal different from the image data for use in super-resolution technology for image restoration.
The reason why the above technology can be realized is because of the development of super-resolution technology. "The original super-resolution technology has technical problems in edge processing" (narrator). Recently, the subject has been greatly improved, so this application was realized.
However, the existing problem is that the data processing is complicated, and the processing load and delay are large. In general, the more complex the encoding process of the image encoding technology and the larger the processing scale, the more image compression effect with less deterioration can be obtained. Whether this method is really superior to the above general codec improvement method will be the subject of future discussion.
"Water flow priority" or "edge priority"?
This time, as a specific installation method, NHK Technical Research proposed two methods, A and B.
Method A is a method of changing the pixel compression rate according to the pattern when the image is reduced. The parts with complex patterns reduce the compression ratio, while the parts with simple patterns boldly space pixels to greatly reduce the image.
In this way, the reduced image becomes a deformed image whose compression rate is significantly different with the pattern. This is used when data with different compression ratios is sent as auxiliary information to the receiving end and restored using super-resolution technology. "Method A is suitable for reproducing random dynamic data such as the flow of water and the reflection of light. However, there are still many problems to be solved in the hardware installed in the processing circuit."
Method B is a method of grasping the image degradation information originating from the image reduction and encoding processing algorithms through the sending end and using it to optimize the image reduction technology.
The specific method is to first decode the image data reduced by the encoding through the decoding end of the sending end and use super-resolution technology to restore. Then, the restored image is compared with the original input image, and the parameters at the time of image reduction are adjusted so as to minimize the image degradation due to the image processing algorithm. The degradation information is also sent to the receiving end as auxiliary information.
Method B "is most suitable for edge processing where the image is discontinuously changed. Sometimes techniques such as wavelet analysis that are easy to implement hardware circuits are used, which is relatively easy to install" (narrator). According to NHK Technical Research, the method of combining Method A and Method B will be discussed in the future.
Summary of new image coding technology using super-resolution technology. It can be seen from the demonstration that the image output using the new technology is significantly less degraded than the image formed using the original encoding technology
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