For a long time, monitors have basically been doing the same thing. They are converting electricity into light and then converting it into images. But don't forget that before this, this technology has always been reversed.
Before deciding to display resolution, color, or sound, images need to be captured with the camera. The main function of the camera is the opposite of the display. It converts photons from the complex world around us into electrons.
Today, I will introduce a new application of quantum dots, of course, not the monitor, is the image capture - as a photosensitive layer in the imaging system.
Quantum Dot Camera (QD Camera) Independent of Color Gamut
Quantum dots in image capture have nothing to do with color development. In fact, in terms of light absorption, QD has a broad absorption spectrum, while other similar luminescent materials have a narrow absorption spectrum.
Maybe some people still remember the news of Apple's acquisition of InVisage last year. Invisage is a company that designs mobile QD cameras. Similar to Apple, InVisage is very secretive about their work. According to InVisage, QD cameras have many advantages over existing silicon-based imaging systems in mobile phones:
Global shutter design improves dynamic blur - but this is a design result for the circuit and the electrode, not related to the QD layer;
Ultra-thin, high-efficiency quantum dot photosensitive layer;
High dynamic range. Compared to a separate silicon-based imaging system, QD cameras classify photon acquisition and signal processing into two separate systems based on QD and silicon (QD for photon acquisition systems and silicon based for electronic signal readout systems); C Jun press: QD photon acquisition system can greatly improve the dynamic range because of the extremely wide absorption spectrum and other characteristics of QD materials.
The absorption (acquisition) band can be adjusted from visible light to infrared light depending on the application.
You can see some short films and images on the InVisage website, which all show the advantages of QD cameras over traditional silicon-based cameras. No surprise, Apple did not comment on this.
Comparison of three imaging technologies with different dynamic ranges
SWIRVision Systems is a newly established company engaged in the development of QD imaging systems. Compared with InVisage, they are designed for near infrared wavelengths (this is also the origin of the SWIR name). Although semiconductor nanocrystals are based on the concept of quantum confinement effects (perhaps I will discuss the quantum confinement effect later), the quantum dots used by the company are different from quantum dots in display applications. They are sensitive to infrared light. Our eyes have high resolution in the spectral range of 400-700 nm, but are poor in the wavelength range beyond 700 nm - but that does not mean there is no useful information!
Ethan Klem, chief technology officer of SWIR Vision Systems, said that the company is currently mainly targeting the industrial market, where the price of existing monolithic InGaAs infrared detectors is very high. Although the efficiency is high, InGaAs still has many problems including high cost and low resolution, which is also an obstacle for the near infrared imaging system to enter the price-sensitive market. Applications such as monitoring of the glass melting process, photographing via plastic bottles, and imaging applications in a low-visibility maritime environment are some of the applications SWIR Vision Systems is initially targeting, and the images taken are attractive. The world that our eyes cannot see is amazing!
Comparison of photos taken by ordinary visible light cameras and SWIR cameras ()
Ethan believes that in the future these QD infrared cameras can use more high-tech applications using infrared photons. From driverless to medical imaging, inexpensive and high-performance infrared imaging systems will provide technical support for the development of various industries.
The QD in the display is compared to the quantum dots in the camera
Compared to QDs used in displays, the role of QD cameras is very different. In display applications, quantum dots dispersed in the polymer absorb blue light and emit red or green light, with no charge transfer between adjacent quantum dots. In the camera, a pure QD film (without polymer) absorbs broadband light from visible light to infrared light and converts these incident photons into electron-hole pairs (currents) that are transferred to adjacent quantum point. Whether it is possible to convert incident photons into electron-hole pairs and pass them on to the electrode depends on the design of the quantum dots - this is not easy. Another important difference is that the quantum dots in the camera are specifically designed not to re-emit light, whereas the quantum dots in the display are designed to emit light very efficiently.
There is no doubt that we have made great progress in how we interact with photons in our daily lives. Today's technological development is faster than ever before. Quantum dots represent a mature technology that finally finds its way into our lives from the laboratory. We have not yet developed the maximum potential of quantum dot technology.
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