Recently, mobile application statistics seem to confirm the fact that people are personally aware that we are consuming more and more traffic content through more and more devices. In fact, by 2017, the number of mobile network connections on personal devices and the number of machine-to-machine applications between devices will reach more than 7 billion, exceeding the world's total population (1). The user's demand for mobile data and services seems to be endless, and our cities need to solve the resulting network congestion and provide a seamless connection experience between different networks. The most important thing is to ensure that citizens can connect to the Internet without any hindrance when they are most in need of the Internet.
In the event of an emergency, peak usage may paralyze the cellular telephone network, just as in the terrorist attack on the Boston Marathon in April this year, most public communications were basically interrupted, and the resulting losses can be imagined. Even in peacetime, the current cellular and wireless networks have gradually failed to meet the daily needs of users.
To make matters worse, companies around the world are scrambling to launch various Internet-based applications to achieve a full connection between people and places and objects (for example, trees, ingests using sensors for instant communication Later, the doctor can report the patient ’s medication, the vehicles that interact with the traffic signal-this list will grow longer). The massive amount of data generated and shared during this process is also constantly exerting pressure on all networks. Under such a tense situation, service providers need to find effective ways to solve the problem of the shortage of existing frequency bands, and make plans for the upcoming "Internet of Things" era.
What is a small base station? Why do we need small base stations?
Consumers and businesses expect to use durable, high-quality network signal coverage and can support multiple services such as voice, video and data. For this demand, small base stations are a low-cost, easy-to-deploy solution that can effectively improve the quality of network connections.
In simple terms, a small base station is a low-power wireless access point, which can provide better mobile and wireless signal coverage for end users, and can help mobile operators better manage data. Small base stations use their own radio frequency, so they will not interfere with large base stations; the radio waves of small base stations can share the burden of the operator's normal network at a relatively low cost, and act as a "traffic police" to help cellular and wireless networks Realize seamless distribution of data traffic.
To be more detailed, small base stations can be divided into three different types according to their location at the time of application: home base stations for home applications, enterprise / indoor base stations for small or retail enterprise applications, and outdoor applications for public places Base station. Small base stations can improve the user network experience in homes, offices and public places, reduce customer churn and help operators gain market share.
Imagine: On a beautiful working day afternoon, a large number of business people were hungry and flocked to the mobile dining car in the nearby park. Since most people use smartphones or make phone calls or access social media, this causes data congestion on the cellular network and may cause slow service or even no signal.
At this time, if there is a small base station of only DVR size on the outer wall of the nearby office building, the situation will be greatly improved. The base station can provide enough bandwidth to meet the data connection needs of smartphones in the park, thereby sharing the traffic burden of the cellular network, and effectively improving the connection quality of everyone in the area.
Wi-Fi vs. small cell vs. cellular network
Analysts and authorities have begun to debate the use of small base stations and Wi-Fi. Considering the deployment of existing small base stations and the continuous innovation of Wi-Fi technology, many industry experts said that Wi-Fi may be dominant in the future, or It is recommended to reduce the deployment of small and medium-sized base stations in cities.
Wi-Fi is undoubtedly playing an important role in solving the global data demand problem, but relying on Wi-Fi alone cannot meet the connection needs of smart cities. Considering that some users continue to roam from one place to another, and Wi-Fi cannot "hand over" connections like a cellular network, this is a major drawback of Wi-Fi. Wireless operators can solve this problem by using small base stations. As a user, you do n’t know that the connection has been transferred. Sometimes you may notice that the number of signal frames has increased. In fact, you do n’t need to know why the connection quality will be better, as long as you enjoy better service. From my personal point of view, I think the industry will find a seamless transition method, but we have not yet discovered it.
In fact, we are likely to see a combination of multiple wireless data technologies that use multiple technologies to decompose data traffic and jointly provide the bandwidth required to connect mobile devices. The benefit of this technology combination is longer battery life, because different wireless connections can be prioritized intelligently to form an autonomously managed ecosystem. This combination of different networks involves certified (3G, LTE) and uncertified (802.11x) frequency bands, including large base stations, Wi-Fi access points, and small public / home base stations-also known as "HetNet" (heterogeneous networks )-Will become the key to building a future connected city.
What does this mean for mobile operators?
At present, because of the high deployment costs, mobile operators are rarely willing to provide and extend services that exceed the minimum requirements. But small base stations can optimize and reduce the cost of network operations by improving the quality of communication connections in high-traffic areas. Operators can better analyze user behavior patterns in sports venues, concert halls, and other public places, and adjust network deployment accordingly. A network capable of recognizing these patterns can multiply the efficiency and ultimately provide users with a better signal.
There are additional benefits for operators. When end users connect to a small base station device, their specific location can be accurately locked, thereby providing new opportunities for location-based services (LBS) and advertising. According to the research results of Juniper Research, the global revenue of mobile location services is expected to reach US $ 12.7 billion by 2014 (3).
Most current LBS services rely on users to log in to applications such as Foursquare and Facebook, so that social networks and providers know their exact location. This is because it is difficult for cellular networks and GPS to make accurate user positioning (especially indoors), but small base stations can achieve accurate positioning within a few feet of error.
Sounds good, but where is the difficulty?
The early stage of small base station technology will encounter some very real industry operation problems. The customers facing the deployment of urban small base stations are the most complex-mobile phones of various operating speeds, and sometimes lack suitable configuration sites. Perhaps the most important issue is that managing the network interference of outdoor small base stations and large base stations will always be the challenge for successfully implementing public outdoor deployments. In order to improve the efficiency of outdoor small base stations, operators need to set up a continuous process in the network to monitor and adjust the configuration of small base stations based on user traffic.
No operator or technology company can solve all problems. But as long as we work together to improve the connection quality of users in all cities, the opportunity to develop and deploy small cell technology will be very attractive-in 2016 will reach 22 billion US dollars. We are just getting started ... (4).
Data reference source:
1) Cisco® Visual Networking Index Global Mobile Data Traffic Forecast for 2012 to 2017; United NaTIons esTImates 7.6 billion
2) http: //
3) http: //? pr = 180
4) http://blogs.informatandm.com/9492/press-release-public-access-small-cell-market-to-hit-us16-billion-in-2016/
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