[Source: "High-tech led-technology and application" January issue / Wu Mingfan Zheng Xuehong] Most "eye protection" table lamps on the market today use electronic ballasts to make fluorescent lamps work under high-frequency current. The frequency is usually Above 20 kHz, this frequency makes the high-frequency flicker almost undetectable to the naked eye with respect to 50 Hz using an inductive ballast to operate the fluorescent lamp at a power frequency current.
However, even if it is not visible to the naked eye, stroboscopic still exists, except that the stroboscopic effect of fluorescent lamps operating with high frequency electronic ballasts is smaller than when operating with power frequency magnetic ballasts. At present, high-frequency scintillation affects the work of visual research. It is not certain that the response of retinal nerve caused by high-frequency light stimulation will affect the visual function of any sensory or motor nerve. Therefore, it is difficult to determine whether high-frequency electronic ballast can effectively protect. eye.
At present, the existing LED desk lamp solves the shortcomings of the stroboscopic and high-frequency radiation of the ordinary desk lamp and the low color rendering index. However, there is still a problem of light pollution, mainly due to direct glare of the LED point source illuminator, and light pollution caused by directional illumination of the LED source.
What needs to be emphasized here is that the desk lamp should be systematically and scientifically evaluated, but it cannot be convinced that some manufacturers have reached a certain indicator and call themselves "eye protection lamp" and "eye protection source". There is no real LED eye-protection table lamp product in the market, and ordinary customers need to further popularize the LED table lamp. The selling point of the so-called "LED eye protection table lamp" on the market is called "no stroboscopic, eye protection function". The eye protection table lamp has a certain protective effect on the eyes. However, the inferior eye protection table lamp not only has no protective effect, but may also hurt the eyes.
At present, the real LED eye protection table lamp is in the market development stage, the price is high, and the customer knows very little about it. But its market potential is huge. Taking into account its many advantages, such as power saving, environmental protection, and a variety of creative, novel modeling, humanized a variety of intelligent control LED series table lamp, can truly achieve energy saving, no stroboscopic, no radiation, no glare, no Shadow, high color rendering, eye protection. In particular, it is equipped with a natural light sensor, brightness adjustment control, low-voltage DC drive controller, and a small radiator for intelligent adjustment and control LED series table lamp products, which have a wide application range and long service life.
LED design points
LED desk lamp product application is a fusion of multiple disciplines, which affects many factors, including LED performance and parameters, industrial design, optical design, thermal design, circuit design, structural design, processing technology, production process and other aspects. Relevant factors must be fully considered in the design and production process, and any deviation in one link will affect the performance and effect of the product.
The old standard product range is a civilian table lamp for indoor local lighting. Civilian lamps include general lighting for lighting, non-reading and reading, and decorative lamps. The range of products covered by the new standard is limited to reading lamps for reading and writing. The definition table lamp is a local lighting fixture, and the desk lamp for reading or writing is called a reading and writing work table lamp.
(1) Photometric performance
1. The comfortable lighting provided by the desk lamp is a scientific evaluation of the comfort of the table lamp illumination by the illumination on the visual work, the ratio of the maximum illumination/minimum illumination on the visual work, the illumination around the work, and the ratio of the work/surround/environmental brightness. Sex. The lighting requirements for general reading and writing operations are shown in Table 1. The lighting requirements for computer operations are shown in Table 2.
2. Glare: It refers to the degree of glare on the illuminating surface of the luminaire. When the luminaire is in the normal working position indicated in the product manual, the luminaire should have a good lighting effect. Glare is an important part of evaluating the performance of desk lamps. The surface light source can obtain a luminescent surface with less glare, and in many places, the control of glare is very strict.
3. Light distribution: It is a description of the distribution of light in the space of the luminaire. The distribution of light typically uses the intensity of light in each plane of a certain axis of the luminaire. It is represented by a numerical curve that varies with angle, called a light distribution curve. For luminaires used in different places, the symmetry of light distribution in space may be different.
When the eye moves from a dark environment to a bright place, it will feel glare, and the pupil of the eye will immediately shrink to reduce the incoming light to adapt to the bright environment. This is a natural physiological adaptation phenomenon. Therefore, we require that the illumination of the table lamp on the table should be relatively uniform, and the light distribution of the lighting environment should be reasonable. Otherwise, the illumination in the eye line of sight is uneven when reading and writing, and the light distribution in the illumination environment is unreasonable, which may cause eyes. At the same time, the size of the pupil is constantly adjusted, which is likely to cause visual fatigue.
4. Luminaire light output ratio: It is the percentage of luminous flux emitted by the luminaire to the luminous flux emitted by the luminaire. It is related to factors such as design, material selection and surface treatment. For the same type of luminaire, the higher the light output ratio, the more energy can be saved. In addition, the maintenance of the light output ratio of the luminaire is very important, that is, as the date of use increases, the output ratio should decrease very slowly to maintain good economy.
5. The color rendering index is greater than 80, the light color is soft, close to natural light.
(2) Mechanical properties
Mainly refers to the fixed light source inside the lamp and the parts that adjust the position of the light source, the parts of the openable part of the case when the light source is maintained and replaced, the base part of the installed lamp and the adjustment part that controls the direction of light projection.
In general, the first two parts are required to be operated by means of tools, and the latter two parts should only be operated by hand or with simple tools.
For the locking parts, rust-resistant materials should be used, and the exposed parts should be considered for its weather resistance and resistance to industrial air pollution.
For enclosure-sealed luminaires, the material of the seals shall not be rapidly aged and hardened under the influence of heat and environment.
The transparent cover of plastic and glass should be heat-resistant and have certain impact strength. The four-dimensional adjustable lamp head can be rotated horizontally by 180 degrees, vertically adjustable by 30 degrees, and the smart lamp arm can adjust the illumination angle in a wide range.
1. Light cooling system
Heat dissipation is the main factor affecting the use of desk lamp LEDs. The heat dissipation of devices and lamps during high-power LED applications is very important. Pay more attention to the full design of LED package and secondary heat dissipation
2. The overall structure design
Excellent lamps not only have high-quality LEDs, high-quality electrical components, high-efficiency drives, reasonable structures, but also good product design. When designing LED desk lamp products, we make full use of the characteristics and advantages of LEDs. Under the premise of satisfying practical needs and maximizing the efficacy of light sources, the lamps are miniaturized, and the overall design of the lamps is compact and suitable for different uses. place. The luminaire is aesthetically pleasing, comfortable, durable and aesthetically pleasing in appearance.
3. Humanization and intelligence
Humanized: beautiful appearance, thin thickness, reasonable structure, compact, can meet the needs of different levels of people, and is user-friendly;
Intelligent: It can be combined with modern high-tech control technology, including natural light sensor and brightness, color temperature adjustment controller, with the environment, seasonal changes, intelligent control to adjust the color temperature close to natural light, intelligent control to adjust brightness.
(3) Electrical performance
This includes both electrical safety and the maintenance of normal operation of the light source.
Electrical safety performance requirements: The luminaire should not become unsafe under the allowable external environment and use conditions. Its protective structure should withstand climate change, external force intrusion and air pollution. It should be easy to maintain, easy to disassemble and reproducible. Anti-shock protection measures, the operating parts are absolutely safe, fully estimate the influence of the heat generated by the light source on each component, etc. The electrical parameters and insulation properties of various electrical accessories, such as high-efficiency drive, and humanized intelligent control system, etc. In the specified range, the light source is guaranteed to work normally and reliably within a certain voltage fluctuation range and temperature variation range, and the insulating materials made of these components must meet the specified insulation level.
design concept
Contemporary lighting has entered a higher level, taking into account illuminance, color rendering, uniformity, contrast, but also consider the coordination of lighting and the environment, comfort, safety and other factors.
Evaluating the lighting effect is good. In the past, we considered more illumination and uniformity. Now, in addition to these, we must also consider the light distribution and glare control of the entire space. To evaluate the entire three-dimensional space, whether the lateral illumination of each area is reasonable. Whether the color rendering is sufficient. The glare control standard used to use the brightness limit curve. Because the detection process is not very convenient, the national lighting inspection center has not been listed as a mandatory test item for many years. However, in the new standard, the method common to CIE, the UGR (Uniform Glare Value) method, is mainly for indoor use, all measured by numbers, and the glare is divided into 6 levels: 13, 16, 19, 22, 25, 28 . If performed as standard, luminaires such as brackets that do not have glare control devices can be limited in many locations.
These new changes show that lighting is moving in the direction of pursuing health and caring for humanity. The way of lighting in the future will not be a single luminaire or a single color. People's requirements for lighting are not enough illuminance, nor is it the pursuit of uniformity throughout the site.
However, even if it is not visible to the naked eye, stroboscopic still exists, except that the stroboscopic effect of fluorescent lamps operating with high frequency electronic ballasts is smaller than when operating with power frequency magnetic ballasts. At present, high-frequency scintillation affects the work of visual research. It is not certain that the response of retinal nerve caused by high-frequency light stimulation will affect the visual function of any sensory or motor nerve. Therefore, it is difficult to determine whether high-frequency electronic ballast can effectively protect. eye.
At present, the existing LED desk lamp solves the shortcomings of the stroboscopic and high-frequency radiation of the ordinary desk lamp and the low color rendering index. However, there is still a problem of light pollution, mainly due to direct glare of the LED point source illuminator, and light pollution caused by directional illumination of the LED source.
What needs to be emphasized here is that the desk lamp should be systematically and scientifically evaluated, but it cannot be convinced that some manufacturers have reached a certain indicator and call themselves "eye protection lamp" and "eye protection source". There is no real LED eye-protection table lamp product in the market, and ordinary customers need to further popularize the LED table lamp. The selling point of the so-called "LED eye protection table lamp" on the market is called "no stroboscopic, eye protection function". The eye protection table lamp has a certain protective effect on the eyes. However, the inferior eye protection table lamp not only has no protective effect, but may also hurt the eyes.
At present, the real LED eye protection table lamp is in the market development stage, the price is high, and the customer knows very little about it. But its market potential is huge. Taking into account its many advantages, such as power saving, environmental protection, and a variety of creative, novel modeling, humanized a variety of intelligent control LED series table lamp, can truly achieve energy saving, no stroboscopic, no radiation, no glare, no Shadow, high color rendering, eye protection. In particular, it is equipped with a natural light sensor, brightness adjustment control, low-voltage DC drive controller, and a small radiator for intelligent adjustment and control LED series table lamp products, which have a wide application range and long service life.
LED design points
LED desk lamp product application is a fusion of multiple disciplines, which affects many factors, including LED performance and parameters, industrial design, optical design, thermal design, circuit design, structural design, processing technology, production process and other aspects. Relevant factors must be fully considered in the design and production process, and any deviation in one link will affect the performance and effect of the product.
The old standard product range is a civilian table lamp for indoor local lighting. Civilian lamps include general lighting for lighting, non-reading and reading, and decorative lamps. The range of products covered by the new standard is limited to reading lamps for reading and writing. The definition table lamp is a local lighting fixture, and the desk lamp for reading or writing is called a reading and writing work table lamp.
(1) Photometric performance
1. The comfortable lighting provided by the desk lamp is a scientific evaluation of the comfort of the table lamp illumination by the illumination on the visual work, the ratio of the maximum illumination/minimum illumination on the visual work, the illumination around the work, and the ratio of the work/surround/environmental brightness. Sex. The lighting requirements for general reading and writing operations are shown in Table 1. The lighting requirements for computer operations are shown in Table 2.
2. Glare: It refers to the degree of glare on the illuminating surface of the luminaire. When the luminaire is in the normal working position indicated in the product manual, the luminaire should have a good lighting effect. Glare is an important part of evaluating the performance of desk lamps. The surface light source can obtain a luminescent surface with less glare, and in many places, the control of glare is very strict.
3. Light distribution: It is a description of the distribution of light in the space of the luminaire. The distribution of light typically uses the intensity of light in each plane of a certain axis of the luminaire. It is represented by a numerical curve that varies with angle, called a light distribution curve. For luminaires used in different places, the symmetry of light distribution in space may be different.
When the eye moves from a dark environment to a bright place, it will feel glare, and the pupil of the eye will immediately shrink to reduce the incoming light to adapt to the bright environment. This is a natural physiological adaptation phenomenon. Therefore, we require that the illumination of the table lamp on the table should be relatively uniform, and the light distribution of the lighting environment should be reasonable. Otherwise, the illumination in the eye line of sight is uneven when reading and writing, and the light distribution in the illumination environment is unreasonable, which may cause eyes. At the same time, the size of the pupil is constantly adjusted, which is likely to cause visual fatigue.
4. Luminaire light output ratio: It is the percentage of luminous flux emitted by the luminaire to the luminous flux emitted by the luminaire. It is related to factors such as design, material selection and surface treatment. For the same type of luminaire, the higher the light output ratio, the more energy can be saved. In addition, the maintenance of the light output ratio of the luminaire is very important, that is, as the date of use increases, the output ratio should decrease very slowly to maintain good economy.
5. The color rendering index is greater than 80, the light color is soft, close to natural light.
(2) Mechanical properties
Mainly refers to the fixed light source inside the lamp and the parts that adjust the position of the light source, the parts of the openable part of the case when the light source is maintained and replaced, the base part of the installed lamp and the adjustment part that controls the direction of light projection.
In general, the first two parts are required to be operated by means of tools, and the latter two parts should only be operated by hand or with simple tools.
For the locking parts, rust-resistant materials should be used, and the exposed parts should be considered for its weather resistance and resistance to industrial air pollution.
For enclosure-sealed luminaires, the material of the seals shall not be rapidly aged and hardened under the influence of heat and environment.
The transparent cover of plastic and glass should be heat-resistant and have certain impact strength. The four-dimensional adjustable lamp head can be rotated horizontally by 180 degrees, vertically adjustable by 30 degrees, and the smart lamp arm can adjust the illumination angle in a wide range.
1. Light cooling system
Heat dissipation is the main factor affecting the use of desk lamp LEDs. The heat dissipation of devices and lamps during high-power LED applications is very important. Pay more attention to the full design of LED package and secondary heat dissipation
2. The overall structure design
Excellent lamps not only have high-quality LEDs, high-quality electrical components, high-efficiency drives, reasonable structures, but also good product design. When designing LED desk lamp products, we make full use of the characteristics and advantages of LEDs. Under the premise of satisfying practical needs and maximizing the efficacy of light sources, the lamps are miniaturized, and the overall design of the lamps is compact and suitable for different uses. place. The luminaire is aesthetically pleasing, comfortable, durable and aesthetically pleasing in appearance.
3. Humanization and intelligence
Humanized: beautiful appearance, thin thickness, reasonable structure, compact, can meet the needs of different levels of people, and is user-friendly;
Intelligent: It can be combined with modern high-tech control technology, including natural light sensor and brightness, color temperature adjustment controller, with the environment, seasonal changes, intelligent control to adjust the color temperature close to natural light, intelligent control to adjust brightness.
(3) Electrical performance
This includes both electrical safety and the maintenance of normal operation of the light source.
Electrical safety performance requirements: The luminaire should not become unsafe under the allowable external environment and use conditions. Its protective structure should withstand climate change, external force intrusion and air pollution. It should be easy to maintain, easy to disassemble and reproducible. Anti-shock protection measures, the operating parts are absolutely safe, fully estimate the influence of the heat generated by the light source on each component, etc. The electrical parameters and insulation properties of various electrical accessories, such as high-efficiency drive, and humanized intelligent control system, etc. In the specified range, the light source is guaranteed to work normally and reliably within a certain voltage fluctuation range and temperature variation range, and the insulating materials made of these components must meet the specified insulation level.
design concept
Contemporary lighting has entered a higher level, taking into account illuminance, color rendering, uniformity, contrast, but also consider the coordination of lighting and the environment, comfort, safety and other factors.
Evaluating the lighting effect is good. In the past, we considered more illumination and uniformity. Now, in addition to these, we must also consider the light distribution and glare control of the entire space. To evaluate the entire three-dimensional space, whether the lateral illumination of each area is reasonable. Whether the color rendering is sufficient. The glare control standard used to use the brightness limit curve. Because the detection process is not very convenient, the national lighting inspection center has not been listed as a mandatory test item for many years. However, in the new standard, the method common to CIE, the UGR (Uniform Glare Value) method, is mainly for indoor use, all measured by numbers, and the glare is divided into 6 levels: 13, 16, 19, 22, 25, 28 . If performed as standard, luminaires such as brackets that do not have glare control devices can be limited in many locations.
These new changes show that lighting is moving in the direction of pursuing health and caring for humanity. The way of lighting in the future will not be a single luminaire or a single color. People's requirements for lighting are not enough illuminance, nor is it the pursuit of uniformity throughout the site.
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