According to the Business Insider website, the Google Autopilot project was launched in 2009 with the goal of releasing a car that does not require people to drive by 2020.
Now, seven years have elapsed. Google has tested vehicles in 2 cities in the United States for 2 million miles (about 3.22 million kilometers) and has mastered how to politely whistle to "see" bikers and pedestrians. Various skills.
But so far, Google has not yet realized the commercialization of autonomous vehicles - and in this respect lags behind competitors such as Uber and Tesla, although it is the first company to test autonomous vehicles on the road. In addition, some of Google’s best self-driving auto talents have also moved to other companies.
On the occasion of Google’s plan to spin off a self-driving car project into a company owned by Alphabet, Business Insider reviewed Google’s journey to develop the world’s first fully driverless car.
Google launched the self-driving car project in 2009. The project leader was Stanford University professor SebasTIan Thrun, who was called the founder of the driverless car. While at Google, Troon led several projects at X Lab, including Google Glass and Street View maps. Troon left from Google and founded the education startup Udacity.
Tren began researching autonomous vehicles at Stanford University and led a team of students and faculty to design Stanley robotic cars. Stanley received $2 million (approximately RMB 13.54 million) in the 2005 DARPA (United States Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency) Machine Car Challenge for driving 132 miles (about 212 km) in the desert.
Initially, Google modified six Toyota Prius and one Audi TT and tested them in Mountain View, California. Google hired a skilled driver to sit in the driver's seat and be ready to take over control of the car, even today, seven years later, Google still has drivers for the tested self-driving cars.
Google's self-driving cars use GPS (Global Positioning System), sensors, cameras, radar and lasers to "see" the environment around them. The sensor can find objects far from the car's two football fields – including people, vehicles, construction areas, birds, and riders.
In 2010, Google self-driving cars tested more than 140,000 miles (about 230,000 kilometers). Google said in a blog post that it believes its driverless cars can halve the number of people killed in traffic accidents each year.
In 2010, several big-name engineers joined Google's self-driving car team: Carnegie Mellon University professor Chris Urmson – led the team to win the 2007 City Challenge; Mike Montemerlo – - The leading Stanford team won the 2005 City Challenge; Anthony Levandowski - developed the first self-driving motorcycle. Umson later served as chief technology officer for Google's self-driving car project.
In 2011, Google changed its test model from Toyota to Lexus, using its technology to retrofit 23 RX450H SUVs.
In April 2014, Google announced that its self-driving car technology ushered in “Liu Ming Hua Ming Yi Cunâ€, in which the test vehicle can handle thousands of urban road traffic conditions – a problem that has been plaguing it for the past few years. This is the first time since 2012 that Google officially updated the information on autonomous vehicles.
In May 2014, Google developed its own model and showed a prototype at the Code Conference. Google's prototype car has no brakes, no steering wheel, no throttle, and only one button to turn on the car. Google has limited its maximum speed to 25 miles per hour (about 40 kilometers) and plans to produce 100-200 units.
A year later, Google began road testing of the prototype in Mountain View.
In July 2015, Google began testing its self-driving car in Austin, Texas, on the Lexus RX450h.
In September 2015, Google hired John Krafcik, a former Hyundai and former Ford executive, as the CEO of the Automated Driving Program.
In December 2015, several media reported that Google was cooperating with Ford to develop autonomous vehicles. But Google did not reach a cooperation agreement with Ford, and Ford independently developed autonomous vehicles.
In February 2016, Google's self-driving car first encountered a traffic accident: a Google self-driving car collided with a bus that traveled at a speed of 2 miles per hour (about 3 kilometers). Although Google’s self-driving cars have “scrubbed†many times with other vehicles in the past few years, it is the first time that a traffic accident has occurred.
Due to the wet weather, Washington Kirkland was added by Google to another auto-driving car test site in February 2016.
In April 2016, Google began testing its self-driving cars in Arizona. Earlier, Google sent four vehicles to Phoenix to map the area. Google said at the time that it chose Arizona to test cars because of the state's desert environment, which helped Google understand "sensors and cars can adapt to extreme temperatures and dust in the air."
In May, Google and Fiat Chrysler announced a joint development of autonomous vehicles, Fiat will provide Google with 100 Chrysler Pacifica Hybrid vans for testing.
In August, Google dug up former Airbnb executive Shaun Stewart, marking a step closer to commercialization of autonomous vehicles. Stewart is good at building and expanding the scale of business.
After joining the company for more than seven years, Umson resigned from the Google Autopilot project in August. He said, “The mileage of self-driving cars has now reached 1.8 million miles (about 2.9 million kilometers). I think it’s time to leave and start a new one. Career."
Umson was one of several executives who left the Google Autopilot team at the same time, including another co-founder, Jiajun Zhu, who joined an unnamed startup. A number of executives, including another co-founder Lewandowski, set up a self-driving truck startup earlier this year.
In September, a self-driving car from Google collided with other vehicles and the driver was injured and hospitalized. In California, another car traveled at an intersection at a speed of 30 miles per hour (about 48 kilometers), just in time for a red light and hit a right side of a Google self-driving car, causing serious damage.
At the end of the year, Google plans to spin off the autopilot car project into an independent company owned by Alphabet.
The latest data shows that Google's self-driving cars test more than 2 million miles in 4 cities. Currently, Google has 24 Lexus SUVs and 34 prototypes on the road, testing up to 26,000 miles per week (about 40,000 kilometers). Although competitors such as Uber and Tesla have released auto-driving cars to the public, Google has not disclosed the time to market for its self-driving cars. One reason may be that Alphabet CEO Larry Page insists on developing fully automated vehicles rather than semi-autonomous vehicles.
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